What Are The Three Types of Dental Handpieces?

What Are The Three Types of Dental Handpieces?

In this article, we'll discuss the most common types of handpieces used in dentistry, including high-speed dental handpieces, electric dental handpieces, and low-speed dental handpieces.

1. High speed dental handpiece

High-speed dental handpieces are characterized by their ability to operate at remarkably high revolutions per minute (RPM), typically ranging from 200,000 to 400,000 RPM. These powerful instruments are designed to facilitate intricate and precise dental procedures, such as tooth preparation for restorations, cavity removal, and finishing and polishing of dental materials.

The high-speed rotation of these handpieces allows for efficient cutting and removal of tooth structure, enabling dentists to work with exceptional accuracy and speed. This attribute is particularly advantageous in restorative dentistry, where precise tooth preparation is essential for achieving optimal fit and longevity of dental restoration.

2. Low speed handpiece

Low-speed dental handpieces operate at significantly lower RPM ranges, typically between 5,000 and 40,000 RPM. These handpieces are designed for procedures that require greater control, precision, and delicate touch, such as endodontic treatments, prophylactic procedures, and certain restorative applications.

The lower speed of these handpieces allows for more controlled and gentle removal of tooth structure, minimizing the risk of iatrogenic damage or patient discomfort. Additionally, low-speed handpieces generate less vibration, contributing to a more comfortable experience for both the patient and the dental professional.

3. Electric  dental handpiece

An electric handpiece offers smooth, constant torque that does not vary as the bur meets resistance. With electric handpieces, the bur is connected through gears in the head of the handpiece to a central drive shaft that is physically turned by the motor.